Identificación de alteraciones en las lipoproteínas HDL y LDL en personas con resistencia a la insulina.

Abstract

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is a pathophysiological state in which there is a reduced capacity of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond to the action of this hormone. IR plays an important role in the alteration of lipid metabolism and the HDL and LDL lipoprotein subclasses, resulting in a proatherogenic phenotype. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between clinical and metabolic markers with the serum levels of Ox-HDL, Ox-LDL and sdLDL in people with and without IR. Methodology: 160 participants of both sexes, from the state of Guerrero, with ages between 18 and 30 years, were included, divided into two groups: 80 young people without IR and 80 with IR. The lipid profile, glucose and uric acid were quantified by colorimetric enzymatic methods. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to quantify the concentration of insulin, Ox-HDL, Ox-LDL, and sdLDL. Results: The group with IR presented higher body adiposity, BMI, waist-hip ratio, SBP, DBP, increase in serum glucose, insulin, cholesterol, TG and LDL-C, compared to those without IR (p <0.05). 63% of the men with IR presented obesity and a higher concentration of cholesterol, TG, LDL-c and uric acid compared to women with IR (p <0.001). The Ox-LDL concentration was higher in women with IR compared with insulin-resistant men (p <0.001). The sdLDL concentration increased in men with IR compared to women (p = 0.001). Women with IR have an 18 times greater risk of presenting Ox-LDL concentrations in the third tertile (p <0.001). Men with IR have a 6 times greater risk of presenting levels of sdLDL in the third tertile compared to women with IR (p = 0.005). Women with uric acid levels in the second tertile have higher serum Ox-LDL levels. In men, the sdLDL concentration was higher when uric acid levels were in the first tertile (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Gender is associated with the increase in serum concentrations of Ox-LDL and sdLDL in the presence of IR.